From Farm To Factory — A Generational Opportunity

The United States is standing on the threshold of a new economic frontier, one that extends far beyond Silicon Valley. Just over the horizon is an emerging bioeconomy — a rapidly expanding, technology-driven domain that will redefine U.S. industry and global competitiveness.

Already valued at more than $4 trillion globally, some analysts project this still emergent bioeconomy to reach $30 trillion by 2050. The bioeconomy touches and will touch every aspect of life: agriculture, food, textiles, consumer goods, fuels, chemicals, and manufacturing. And unlike past industrial revolutions, this new bioeconomy will be built on renewable biological feedstocks: plants, like corn and soybeans; engineered microorganisms; agricultural waste; and other biomass — all of which users can convert into sustainable chemicals, materials, and products.

Thanks to breakthroughs at the intersection of biotechnology, AI-enabled discovery, advanced analytics, and precision fermentation, U.S. innovators are already engineering bio-based alternatives that are clean, safe, and resilient. These technologies have the potential to strengthen American farmers, accelerate the reshoring of manufacturing, reinforce supply chain resilience, and provide essential inputs for national security. In short, this is not just a scientific frontier to explore — the new bioeconomy is a strategic and economic imperative.

And the United States holds a distinctive advantage: our agricultural strength. America’s heartland produces the biomass that global companies are now racing to turn into next-generation products. Across the country, regional bioeconomy innovation ecosystems are emerging — connecting scientists, growers, industrial processors, mass marketers, and end-users into integrated networks capable of moving discovery from the lab bench to commercial scale at speed.

Writing the Next Chapter of the Global Bioeconomy

In September, the Council on Competitiveness convened leaders from industry, academia, labor, and the Department of Energy’s national laboratories for a major discussion on how to scale the U.S. bioeconomy. The meeting took place at Primient’s corn processing facility in Lafayette, Indiana — the most efficient of its kind in the world and a symbol of what U.S. leadership in this space can look like.

Lafayette is also the future home of a $400 million industrial-scale Bio-MEG production facility built by Sustainea. Bio-MEG — a renewable, plant-based alternative to petroleum-based monoethylene glycol — is used in everything from packaging to textiles. Both Primient and Sustainea are members of the Council on Competitiveness, and their partnership — which benefits from research and talent coming out of the University of Illinois, Purdue University, Argonne National Laboratory, and other institutions up and down the Indiana-Illinois Innovation Corridor, as well as from the incredibly innovative Brazilian agricultural and chemical sectors — illustrates the kind of innovation ecosystem required to compete in the 21st century.

The discussions in Lafayette surfaced three clear takeaways for ensuring U.S. leadership in this fast-growing arena:

1. The United States needs a coordinated national strategy — not fragmented momentum.
Competitors in Europe and Asia are aligning policy, funding, infrastructure, and industrial strategy to seize bioeconomy market share. The United States cannot rely on historical advantages alone, and a coordinated national strategy — linking industry, academic research, and the public sector — is critical to translating scientific discovery into economic value.

2. Talent is the linchpin of competitiveness.
Infrastructure and capital matter, but people matter more. The bioeconomy requires a workforce fluent in biology, chemical engineering, AI, automation, and advanced manufacturing, but also welding, manufacturing, and data analytics. From K–12 STEM to apprenticeships to graduate programs, talent development fit for every step of the value chain will be the foundation of sustainable leadership.

3. Public–private partnership must scale from pilot to production.
Facilities like Primient’s Lafayette plant show what is possible when talent, technology, investment, and infrastructure converge. Science-based regulation, targeted tax incentives, and low-carbon credits can help de-risk early investment and accelerate commercialization — ensuring that U.S. discoveries translate into global market dominance.

The Stakes Are Global

The United States is not alone in recognizing the bioeconomy’s potential. Nations around the world are pouring billions into infrastructure, incentives, and coordinated policy frameworks. Fragmented U.S. regulation, limited biomanufacturing capacity, and siloed investment could push homegrown breakthroughs overseas — just as competing nations move more aggressively to secure supply chains, attract capital, and scale production.

The low-hanging fruit are evident: bio-based materials essential to national security, energy independence, pharmaceuticals, and clean manufacturing. But long-term leadership will demand more ambitious moves — bolder financial models, deeper cross-sector collaboration, and unwavering national commitment.

Growing the U.S. bioeconomy is not simply an economic opportunity. It is a national imperative. The ability to translate innovation from farm to factory will generate high-value jobs, revitalize rural communities, diversify supply chains, and strengthen America’s competitiveness for decades to come.

As Jim Stutelberg, CEO of Primient, put it:

The opportunity is here. The pieces are in place. The world will not wait.

The time to lead is now.