Nigeria Strengthens Crypto Tax Oversight with TIN and NIN Linkage

TLDR

• Nigeria’s NTAA 2025 links crypto transactions to personal Tax Identification Numbers and National Identification Numbers for better tax oversight.
• Crypto platforms must collect and report user details including names, contact information, TINs, and NINs to comply with the new tax regulations.
• The new law requires crypto exchanges to submit monthly reports to tax authorities with transaction details such as asset types and values.
• Tax authorities can request additional data from crypto platforms at any time to ensure proper tax compliance and reduce evasion.
• The NTAA 2025 aligns with international tax frameworks like the OECD’s Crypto-Asset Reporting Framework to enhance global tax compliance.

Nigeria is taking steps to bring cryptocurrency activities under its tax system through the new Nigeria Tax Administration Act (NTAA) 2025. The law links crypto transactions to real-world identities using Tax Identification Numbers (TINs) and National Identification Numbers (NINs). This move aims to reduce tax evasion and ensure that digital asset income is properly taxed.

Nigeria Links Crypto Transactions to TINs, NINs

The NTAA 2025 introduces identity-based monitoring of crypto activities. Under this law, tax authorities can trace crypto transactions by linking them to TINs and NINs, which are used for tax and identity purposes. TINs are issued by the Nigerian Revenue Service and are used to track individuals and businesses for tax purposes. NINs, which are connected to biometric and personal information, serve as the country’s primary identity number.

Crypto exchanges and platforms will now be required to collect and report these details to tax authorities. This will give regulators insight into when crypto funds enter the formal financial system. Authorities can then compare digital asset income with other tax records, ensuring that all earnings are accurately declared.

Reporting Requirements for Crypto Platforms

Crypto platforms, including exchanges, will be required to submit monthly reports to Nigerian tax authorities. These reports will include customer names, contact details, residential addresses, and TINs and NINs. The reports will also detail transaction dates, asset types, values, and services provided.

Tax authorities can request additional data at any time, even without prior notice. This new regulation will allow authorities to monitor crypto transactions more closely and ensure compliance with tax laws. The move is part of Nigeria’s broader effort to reduce tax evasion in the digital asset space.

Nigeria is also strengthening its anti-money laundering (AML) regulations. Crypto platforms must report large or suspicious transactions to tax authorities and the Nigerian Financial Intelligence Unit (NFIU). They are also required to retain Know Your Customer (KYC) and transaction records for a minimum of seven years.

Expanding Oversight with International Standards

The NTAA 2025 is in line with international standards, such as the OECD’s Crypto-Asset Reporting Framework (CARF), which begins on January 1, 2026. The CARF framework aims to enhance global tax compliance by allowing authorities to access data on both local and international crypto transactions.

This puts Nigeria in the company of countries like the United Kingdom, where crypto firms already collect detailed personal and tax information. With an estimated $92.1 billion in crypto transactions annually, Nigeria is determined to ensure that digital assets are taxed appropriately.

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