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Layer 2 protocols are secondary frameworks built on top of Layer 1 blockchains to enhance scalability and reduce transaction costs. By utilizing technologies like Optimistic Rollups and ZK-Rollups, L2s like Arbitrum, Optimism, and Base process transactions off-chain before finalizing them on the mainnet. Following the 2026 Ethereum upgrades, L2s have become the primary execution layer for retail users. Stay updated on interoperability, fractal scaling, and the reduction of gas fees across the modular Ethereum roadmap.

214 Articles

Created: 2026/02/02 18:52

Updated: 2026/02/02 18:52

SEC Scrutinizes Layer 2 Blockchains’ Exchange Practices

SEC Scrutinizes Layer 2 Blockchains’ Exchange Practices

Detail: https://coincu.com/news/sec-layer2-blockchain-exchange-regulations/

Author: Coinstats

2025/09/09

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US SEC Commissioner Peirce warns: L2 chains with centralized sorters may face exchange registration requirements

US SEC Commissioner Peirce warns: L2 chains with centralized sorters may face exchange registration requirements

PANews reported on September 9th that, according to Cryptoslate, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Commissioner Hester Peirce warned that Layer 2 blockchains running centralized matching engines could face exchange registration requirements, while advocating for the protection of truly decentralized protocols. In an interview on "The Gwart Show," she distinguished between immutable code on decentralized networks and centralized entities leveraging blockchain transactions. The head of the SEC's cryptocurrency task force believes that truly decentralized protocols cannot be owned and can be used by anyone. Layer2 solutions, while addressing the MEV problem through centralized transaction ordering, introduce regulatory complexity, and their matching engines deviate from the blockchain's censorship-resistant nature. Peirce stated that a matching engine controlled by a single entity is more like an exchange, and operators must consider relevant requirements if they trade securities, but the SEC hopes to avoid forcing decentralized protocols to register. She emphasized the importance of protecting smart contracts on a fully decentralized Layer1 network. Peirce prefers to let the community solve the MEV problem first before regulatory intervention. As traditional securities migrate to the blockchain, she hopes to protect developers and ensure that centralized intermediaries comply with regulations. She advocates for distinguishing between autonomous code and regulated entities, allowing decentralized protocols to enjoy a safe harbor while centralized Layer2 chains are subject to traditional regulation.

2025/09/09

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The crypto market generally rose, with the AI sector rising by over 14%, while only the SocialFi and CeFi sectors fell.

The crypto market generally rose, with the AI sector rising by over 14%, while only the SocialFi and CeFi sectors fell.

PANews reported on September 9th that, according to SoSoValue data, most sectors in the crypto market rose today. The AI sector saw a 24-hour gain of 14.38%, with Worldcoin (WLD) surging 53.82%. Driven by news that Eightco plans to raise $250 million to establish a WLD reserve, OpenLedger (OPEN) soared 650.60%, and KAITO rose 45.91%. SocialFi and CeFi sectors fell 0.23% and 0.33%, respectively. Toncoin (TON) fell 0.65%, while Hyperliquid (HYPE) bucked the trend and surged 7.16% to a new high. Among other sectors, NFT rose 4.34%, Meme rose 3.75%, Layer2 rose 3.50%, DeFi rose 2.53%, PayFi rose 2.05%, and Layer1 rose 1.48%.

2025/09/09

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Cryptocurrency sectors generally rose, with ETH leading the gains by over 3%, with only PayFi and Layer2 sectors declining.

Cryptocurrency sectors generally rose, with ETH leading the gains by over 3%, with only PayFi and Layer2 sectors declining.

PANews reported on September 4th that according to SoSoValue data, all sectors of the crypto market saw gains. Ethereum (ETH) rose 3.22% in the past 24 hours, breaking through $4,400. Bitcoin (BTC) rose 0.66%, remaining around $111,000. In other sectors, the GameFi sector rose 2.55% in 24 hours. Within the sector, Four (FORM) rose sharply by 11.40%; the Meme sector rose by 1.96%, of which MemeCore (M) rose by 27.80%; the RWA sector rose by 1.10%, and Keeta (KTA) rose by 13.82%; the DeFi sector rose by 1.05%, and Ethena (ENA) rose by 6.72%; the CeFi sector rose by 0.42%, and OKB rose by 9.39%; the Layer1 sector rose by 0.29%. In addition, the Layer2 sector fell 0.02%, POL (ex-MATIC) fell 3.61%; and the PayFi sector fell 0.21%.

2025/09/04

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The Katana Layer2 And The Kaito Hustle Highlights Sustainable DeFi

The Katana Layer2 And The Kaito Hustle Highlights Sustainable DeFi

Katana is a new DeFi-native Layer 2 blockchain incubated by Polygon Labs and GSR, designed to unify liquidity and deliver sustainable yields. It launched the private mainnet at the end of May, while the public mainnet expected by later this summer. Why the Hype? There will be a mix of unified liquidity, high yields and institutional support! Katana aggregates liquidity from multiple protocols, including Morpho, Sushi, and Vertex, to reduce slippage and provide more predictable lending and borrowing rates. The alpha is given by the yields! By concentrating liquidity and collecting yields from various sources, Katana aims to offer higher and more consistent returns for DeFi users. But the hype and alpha reached new heights when the Katana and Kaito partnership was announced! The leaderboard is liv, so yap now to earn your share. InfoFi isn’t dead, only your bags might be. The time has come, samurai! Katana and Kaito will fight side by side to reward advocates spreading the Katana’s story. This algorithm tracks the sharpest, smartest voices on crypto Twitter, and will score posts based on insight, originality, reputation and reach! The Katana and Kaito alliance brings a pool of 10 million KAT and $20,000 in monthly USDC for top creators. The pre-season snapshot was taken and will reward the early yappers! Season 1 started officially so stay active on-chain and keep yapping. Katana builds sustainable DeFi with vaultbridge, chain-owned liquidity, sequencer fees, and top apps like Morpho and Sushi. Kaito filters out spam to reward genuine contributors. Rewards include 10 million $KAT locked until Feb 2026 and monthly $USDC payouts to top creators. This is your chance to support DeFi that works for users by educating and building conviction, not hype. The blade has chosen you — don’t falter. Why I embraced the vision? Katana is backed by industry players like Polygon Labs and GSR, Katana is positioned to attract significant institutional participation in DeFi. Chads must pre-deposit on Katana assets such as ETH, USDC, USDT, and WBTC during the private mainnet phase to earn KAT tokens from Krates! The Katana Krates are virtual loot boxes that users can open during the pre-deposit phase. Each Krate offers a chance to win KAT tokens and other rewards, such as those very expensive NFTs! Are Krates Worth It? Opening Katana Krates has become a popular way to engage with the platform early. While the exact value of rewards can vary, the high number of Krates opened suggests that users find them worthwhile for gaining early exposure to KAT tokens and other incentives. Additional Incentives? There will be an KAT Airdrop, and approximately 15% of the upcoming KAT token supply is set to be airdropped to $POL stakers on Ethereum. Katana’s approach to consolidating liquidity and offering high yields, combined with its strong backing and innovative participation methods like Krates and Turtle Club, make it a noteworthy project in the DeFi space. And I? I already deposited $USDC, wETH and wBTC … and waiting for the launch! Residual Income: Claim your Zerion XP! Sonium: Sake Fi / Kyo / Arkada / Algem / Untitled Bank AI Agents & Mindshare: Kaito / Newton / Humanity / Theoriq / FantasyTop Content: Publish0x & Hive Play2Earn: Splinterlands & Holozing PVM The Author — My Amazon Books The Katana Layer2 And The Kaito Hustle Highlights Sustainable DeFi was originally published in Coinmonks on Medium, where people are continuing the conversation by highlighting and responding to this story

2025/09/03

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Say goodbye to big and comprehensive, the breakthrough of Layer2 lies in "verticalization"

Say goodbye to big and comprehensive, the breakthrough of Layer2 lies in "verticalization"

This is a very meaningful perspective. It seems to be the most positive interpretation of Ethereum layer 2 that we have seen for a long time: the real value of layer 2s is an "experimental innovation sandbox" For example, Arbtrium can explore DAO governance, Optimism can implement the RetroPGF funding mechanism, Base can try CEX integration, ZKSync can promote account abstraction, etc. If these innovations are implemented directly on the main network, the risks will be too great, but even if they fail on layer2, they will not endanger the entire ecosystem. What’s interesting is that it seems that different layer2s can serve completely different user groups. For example, there are enterprise chains that focus on compliance, privacy chains that claim to be censorship-resistant, gaming chains that can achieve high-frequency transactions, and so on. Looking back, there are indeed quite a few layer2+layer3 solutions built on the basis of various stacks. Although none of them has become the expected savior for Ethereum, they have indeed made outstanding contributions in terms of the "diversity" of experimental scalability solutions. Of course, you can also say that they are all for the purpose of issuing tokens in the end, but there is an underlying logic: they at least continue and inherit the decentralized security features of Ethereum to a certain extent. Otherwise, the current star product Hyperliquid and some Wall Street giants’ independent exclusive chain layer 1 thinking, although it can achieve a smooth upgrade in experience, are essentially sacrificing decentralization in exchange for extreme performance. Moreover, these independent chains are also likely to issue tokens. What they do may not be fundamentally different from layer 2 or even worse, but this step is a complete negation of the layer 2 experimental field. Therefore, there is actually a very clear path in front of Layer 2. Abandoning the big and comprehensive idea of the General-Purpose chain, the right way is to explore how to conduct Sepecific-Chain under the new Mass Adoption needs. For example, how to introduce well-known game IPs, how to meet privacy transactions and compliance, how to serve the high-frequency interaction needs of AI Agents, how to provide a compliant facial channel for RWA assets, etc. In other words, as long as Layer2s abandons the internal competition in the purely technical architecture, abandons the obsession with the big and comprehensive universal chain, and focuses on the business integration with TradFi, the situation of layer2 may not be as pessimistic as everyone thinks.

2025/09/01

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The Future of Buyer Engagement Platforms: Hyper-Personalization with AI

The Future of Buyer Engagement Platforms: Hyper-Personalization with AI

Generic email blasts and “you may like this'“ notifications are dead.

Author: Hackernoon

2025/09/01

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Cryptocurrency stocks fell across the board, with GameFi leading the decline by nearly 6%, and BTC falling below $109,000

Cryptocurrency stocks fell across the board, with GameFi leading the decline by nearly 6%, and BTC falling below $109,000

PANews reported on September 1st that, according to SoSoValue data, crypto markets across the board saw declines of approximately 2% to 6%. The GameFi sector led the decline with a 5.93% 24-hour drop. Within the sector, Four (FORM) plummeted by 21.27%, primarily due to large transfers of funds to exchanges by whales, which triggered panic selling. Furthermore, Bitcoin (BTC) fell 1.18% in the 24-hour period, falling below $109,000. Ethereum (ETH) dropped 0.96%, briefly falling below $4,400. In other sectors, the CeFi sector fell 0.77% in 24 hours, but Hyperliquid (HYPE) rose 0.36%; the Layer2 sector fell 1.10%, and within the sector, POL (ex-MATIC) rose 10.79% against the trend; the Layer1 sector fell 1.78%, Solana (SOL) and Cardano (ADA) fell 3.11% and 3.45% respectively; the Meme sector fell 2.92%, BUILDon (B) and MemeCore (M) were relatively strong, rising 4.80% and 7.55% respectively; the DeFi sector fell 3.05%, the PayFi sector fell 3.35%, and Monero (XMR) rose 1.08% during the session.

2025/09/01

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The crypto market saw mixed gains and losses, with the CeFi sector rising over 2% and ETH briefly falling below $4,500.

The crypto market saw mixed gains and losses, with the CeFi sector rising over 2% and ETH briefly falling below $4,500.

PANews reported on August 28th that according to SoSoValue data, the crypto market saw mixed gains and losses. The CeFi sector saw a 2.42% increase over the past 24 hours. Within the sector, Cronos (CRO) surged again, reaching a three-year high, with a surge of 84.24%. Trump Media Technology Group and Crypto.com announced a partnership to establish a CRO reserve company. Additionally, Bitcoin (BTC) rose 0.54%, fluctuating within a narrow range around $111,000. Ethereum (ETH) fell 0.47%, briefly falling below $4,500 during the session. The CeFi sector rose 2.42% in the past 24 hours, with Cronos (CRO) surging 84.24%, reaching a three-year high. News broke that Trump Media Technology Group and Crypto.com had partnered to establish a CRO reserve company. In addition, Bitcoin (BTC) rose 0.54% and is currently fluctuating in a narrow range around $111,000; Ethereum (ETH) fell 0.47%, falling below $4,500 during the session. The performance of other sectors is as follows: Layer1 sector: rose 1.41%, Avalanche (AVAX) and Solana (SOL) rose 1.86% and 3.88% respectively. Meme sector: rose 0.96%, Pump.fun (PUMP) rose 4.30%. DeFi sector: rose 0.74%, Jupiter (JUP) and Raydium (RAY) rose 6.32% and 14.34% respectively. Layer2 sector: rose 0.26%, Mantle (MNT) rose 1.43%. The PayFi sector, which saw significant gains yesterday, fell 0.16% in the 24 hours, with Stellar (XLM) down 2.34% and Ultima (ULTIMA) down 6.70%.

2025/08/28

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Ethereum Layer 2 Eclipse Alters Leadership, Faces Layoffs

Ethereum Layer 2 Eclipse Alters Leadership, Faces Layoffs

Detail: https://coincu.com/news/ethereum-layer2-eclipse-leadership-restructure/

Author: Coinstats

2025/08/26

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